bergmann



(Model.)

' 2 sheeEs-shet 1. S. BERGMANN.

TELEPHONE RECEIVER:--

Pafne'nted Mar. 2,1886.

N,IPETEHS. Pholal-hegnpher, Washington. D. CA

(Model.) 2 sheetssheen 2. S. BERGMANN.

TELEPHONE RECEIVER. 4 Y l No. 337,232. Patented Mar. 2, 1886.

Afr TST. INVEN TOR:

N4 PETERS. Phowmhngnphor. wmingmn. u. c.

lhvrrno STATES,

SIGMUND BERGMANN,

PATENT Cri-Icee OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TELEPHONE-RECEIVER.

SPECIFICATION forming par@ of Letters Parent No. 337.232. dated March2,1886.

Application tiled December 31, 1884. Serial No. 151.619.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIGMUND BERGMANN, of New York city, in the countyand State of New York, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Telephone-Receivers, of which the following is aspecification..

The object I have in view is to produce a telephone receiver which willbe simple in construction, effective in operation, and willmaintain itsadjustment in use.

The main feature of my invention consists in the employment of one or'more magnets acting upon a diaphragm or other sound-producing body, andso arranged and connected that the current passes axially through them,an adjusting device being provided to vary or regulate the extent of thespace through which the force is exerted. I have found that when this isdone the vibrations of the diaphragm correspond with the variations inthe axial current, and sound is produced in accordance with thevibrations at the transmitter, the action being due, in my opinion, tovariations in magnetic intensity. I have obtained the best results byarranging two or more magnets in line,with their ends in closeproximity, such ends being connected by suitable conductors of thecurrent. The magnets are connected in circuit, the current passingthrough them A from end to end, 'orhfrom centerto en ds, or ends tocenterin both directions. The'diaphragmpiston or other suitablesound-producing body may carry one of the magnets, or it may have asoft-iron armature attached to it, if it is of mica or other insulatingmaterial; or the diaphragm may itself be of soft iron and act as anarmature or carry one of the magnets. A single magnet may be used, inwhich case the diaphragm can be arranged as an armature opposite the endof the magnet, or, if of insulating material, have an armature attachedto Iit and arranged opposite the end ot' the mag- -net; or, if aconstruction is employed which permits of movement of the diaphragm byvariations in the force of the magnet, such diaphragm may be connecteddirectly to the magnet. An adjusting device will be employed, which maybe a contrivance for moving the magnet to vary the distance at theattracting point or points.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure l is a sec- (Model.)

tional View of a telephone-receiverembodying the invention; and Figs. 2to 16, inclusive, views of parts of the telephone-receiver, showingmodified forms of the instrument.

In Fig. 1, A is the case, having mouthpiece a and diaphragm B. C D aretwo magnetized steel bars. These bars are arrangediu line, with theiradjoining ends in close proximity, leavinga space, b, for mechanicalmovement, between them. @ne bar is attached to the diaphragm, and theotheris supported by a sleeve, c,which is adjusted from the end of thecase by a screw, d, so as to increase or decrease the attractive spaceb. The adjoining ends of the magnet-bars C D are connected by aconductor, e, suitably arranged to permit free movement longitudinallyof the bars. rlhe binding'posts (or circuit-connections) 1 2 areconnected, one with the outer end of bar D, through adjusting-sleeve c,and the other with the outer end of bar G, through the diaphragm. If thediaphragm is made of insulating material, the circuit-connection from 2will run to its center,where the bar C is secured thereto. flows from 1through magnet-bar D, conductor e, magnet-bar C, and diaphragm to 2, orin the reverse direction. The effect is to vibrate the diaphragm andtranslate the telephonecnrrent vibrations into articulate speech. vTheeffect is modified by adjusting the screw d and varying space b.

In Fig. 2 the magnet C is shown as quite short. armature, or be omittedif the diaphragm is of iron, and the current may still be conductedacross space b.

In Fig. 3 the conductore,which is shown in Fig. 1 as a spiral, is shownas composed of outwardly-bent pieces.

In Fig. 4 four magnets, C D E F, are shown. These may be mounted in atube to keep them in line, or be otherwise suitably supported.

In Figs. 5 and 6 the magnet-bars C D are shown as of a number of steelwires bunched together, while in Fig. 7 such bars are shown as tubular.

In Fig. 8 the bars C D are shown as bored out at adjoining ends, and theconductor e rests within the bored ends.

In Fig. l9 one magnetbar, C, is used, the

The current of the circuitv This short magnet may be a soft-iron ICOcircuit-connections 1 2 beingmade with oppo site ends. vThe diaphragmlhas an armature, which, however, is not necessary if the diaphragm isof iron. The current does not pass to the diaphragm or the armaturecarried by it, which is a construction that may be used when more thanone magnet are employed.

In Fig. 10 a. horseshoe or U magnet, C, is employed. The diaphragm issupported upon one pole, and the other pole is brought close to thetlrst, leaving the space b for mechanical action. No conductor acrossspace b is used, but the current passes'arou nd th rough the back of themagnet. The back of the magnet is made thin and elastic, so that theadjustment provided for can be made.

In Fig. 11 the magnet C is a steel spring magnetized. One end of thespring is connected directly to the diaphragm. The other end runs to anadjusting sleeve and screw, tl. The current acts upon this spring magnetsimilar to the barmagnet; but the spring permitting mechanical movementcan be attached directly to the diaphragm.

In Figs. 12 and 13 are shown spools G H,in circuit with local batteriesI, to pxoduce the vmagnetization if the bars are of soft iron, or tobetter maintain it if the bars are of steel.

like Fig. 10, with the back of the magnet thrown into a conical spring.

There two or more magnets are used, I lind I get the best effec-ts ifopposite polarities are brought together, although the instrumentworksiwhen the same imity.

polarities are in prox- YVThe conductors e may be springs which opposethe'pressure of the adj usting-screw, and they may be made of steel andpolarized, although this is not necessary.

I do not claim herein the method indicated by the description, suchmethod being covered by an application for patent of even date herewith,and entitled au improvement in telephones.7

1. Ina telephone-receiver,the combination, with a diaphragm or othersound-producing body, of one or more magnets, circuit-connections forbringing such magnet or magnets axially into circuit, and an adjustingdevice varying the space through which the force 'is exerted,substantially as set forth.

2. In a telephonereceiver,the combination,

with a diaphragm or other soundproducing f body, of two or more magnetsarranged in line and having circuit-connections, whereby the current ispassed through said magnets axially, substantially as set forth.

In a telephone-receiver, the combination, with a diaphragm or othersound-producing body, of a magnet attached thereto, one or more othermagnets arranged in line with the tirst magnet, a conductor orconductors connecting the magnets together, and circuit-connectionsbringing the magnets axially into circuit, substantially as set forth.

4. In atelephone-receiver,the combination, with a diaphragm or othersound-producing body, of a magnet secured thereto, one or more othermagnets arranged in line with the first magnet, circuit-connectionsbringing such magnets axially into circuit, and an adjusting devicevarying the space or spaces through which the magnetic force is exerted,substantially as set forth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 11th day of December, 1884.

SIGMUN D BERGMANN.

Witnesses:

WM. H. MEADOWCROFT, Y T Hos. G. Galeana Jr.

